Superheater-header



B. momo.

SUPERHEATER HEADER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT 16, i918 Tl- WEL/5h? gH/ mtomamf A UNITED -sTATEs PATENT oEEroE.

BENJAMIN BROIDO, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO LOCOMOTIVE SUPERHEATER COMPANY, OF. NEW lYORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

SUPERHEATER-HEADER.

y Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Maya, 1920.

Application led September 16, 1918. Serial No. 254,306.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN BRoIDo, a citizen of Russia, and residentlof New York, N. Y., have invented certain new and useful 'Improvements in Superheater-Header's, whereof the following isa specification.

The invention forming the subject of this application relates to superheater headers which have the superheater elements on units secured to them by means of some form of clamp which forcibly holds an en'- larged head on the end of the element-in engagement with a corresponding seat in the header; and has-for its object the provision of means stii'lening a`nd strengthening the header against the external pressure exerted by4 the clamp, so that headers of thinner walls can be used than would other-` wise be the case.

In the drawing accompanying this and forming part hereof, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation on line 1-1 of Fig. `2 of a header of a modiiication; F igs.` 5, 6- and 7 are sec` tional views similar to the view of Fig. 2, of other modified forms. Throughout the drawing, parts have been broken away where it appeared desirable and could be ldone without loss of clearness.

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, there are shown two headers, 1 and 2, arranged parallel to each other. These headers are made up of tubing, such as can be readily `ob tained in the market. By means of my invention piping of ordinary gage can be used, whereas without it the heaviest piping made may in some case be too (weak. j

To the 'bottom of each header is welded a strip 3. At proper intervals holes 4 are drilled through the plates and pipes, the

outer ends of the holes being suitably cham- -one opening being near each end of the clamp. The washers 8 rest on lthe clamp. A bolt 10 passes through a central opening of each clamp 9, its head Heng-aging the under surface of the clamp.' The opposite end of the bolt passes through an opening in bar.

cach header.

12 and has' threaded on it the nuts 13 and 14, the former engaging the upper surface of bar .12. The bar 12 rests on the two headers 1 and 2.

It will be clear that by pulling up nut 13 the enlar ed heads 6 of the elements 7 will be held rmly against the seats 5 in the y bars 3.A

vThis arrangement of headers and attached elements has various applications,

but the one more immediately under contemplation is to steam superheaters. The

elements 7 when the device is put to this use, extend into some space where hot gases sweep over them, and steam passing through them from one header to the other has transferred to it some of the heat from the gases. In such use particularlyit is important that the joint between heads 6 and their seats- 5 be tight. l/Vhen the nuts 13 are tightened to effect such tight joints, the pipe of which the headers 1 and 2 are made is very apt to be deformed unless it is of the.

heaviest gage made. Moreover if any one clamp is tightened the consequent flattening of the header will tendto loosen the adjacent joints. To obviate these difiiculties and yet make possible the employment of pipes of thinner gages, Iv introduce a system of bracing which I shall now describe.

Between adjacent holes 4 I place pipelengths 15 extending diametrically through the header vand bearing against oppositeportions of the wall. The ends 'of the pipe lengths are milled or otherwise machined to the proper radius to engage the rounded surfaceof'the pipe. To facilitate the placing of these pipe lengths .and obviate their dislocation I employ two holders 16-16 for These consist each of a flat bar with appropriately spaced and .suitably sized apertures into which the pipe lengths 15 are slipped. If'required to keep these holders in their proper location they may each be spot-welded to two of the pipe lengths; or they may be retained in their proper relative position by means to be described in connection with Fig. 3. p

These pipe-lengths 15 eifectually serve to prevent the pipe forming the header from n being distorted by the pressure of the clamps. When any one clamp is tightenedl up there will be no tendency to loosen adj acent joints; in fact, the opposite tendency 'will be seen to exist, since the ends ofthe pipe-lengths will act as fuloru'ms and rthe as ,e3

tendency will be to cause the areas beyond them to bulge outward, with the result that the adjacent joints will be made tighter.

The pipe-lengths 15 being mounted iii the bars 16 their insertion intol the headei, or withdrawal from it is effected through the end of the header and is evidently a very simple matter.

Instead of being placed between neighboring holes Lt as described, the pipe-lengths 15 may be placed directly on these holes as shownin Figs. 3 and 4. Iii this case openings 17 are provided in the pipe-lengths, establishing communication between the iiiterior of the header and the elements 7. These openings may be of any desired shape or disposition, but should ot course be large enough to accommodate Athe steam flow. The bars 16 are shown, by way of possible variation, as held at their proper relative distance by the bolt 18 and nuts 19, one such bolt being placed at either end.

The function `of this form of my device will be understood from the above description. There is one advantage which this variation possesses over the one first described, z'. e. `the steam distribution between the several units can beA equalized or generally controlled by varying the holes 17 suitably.

To illustrate that my invention has application to other shapes of headers than cylindrical ones, I liaveshown it in Figs. 5, 6 and 7 applied to headers of three differ ent forms.

In Fig. 5, the headers are D-,shaped iii cross-section and are placed with their flattened sides 20 toward each other. This has the advantage that with the headers. placed apart a distance sufficient tor the passage of bolts 10 the element ends 5 5 are not so far apart as they are in the form first described, and the clamps 9 and bars 12 are correspondingly shorter. The only variation, as far as the pipe-lengths 1,5 are concerned, is that their ends are squared, in'

, stead of rounded, so as to bear properly on the Hat .portions of the headers which they,

engage.A

The headers of Fig. 6. are made up of two angles 21-21 each, welded together at their edges. The'application of the pipelengths 15 will be apparent.

In Fig. 7 the headers are made up each of a plate 22bent linto a cross-sectionally U-shaped form, to the edges of which is welded the flat plate23. This form needs no further description.

Evidently these headers may be modified in other` ways. For example in the form of Fig. 5, the curved portion'of the wall may be enlarged laterally as much as desired, or it may be distended also upwardly and downwardly aslwell as laterally, so that it becomes in effect circular with a lateral chanycombination of a header; a superheater element; means to hold said element iii en-y gagement with said header', said means ex- `erting external pressure on opposite walls of said header; and internal means resisting such pressure.

2. In apparatus of the cla-ss described, the combination of a header having a plurality of openings in one of its walls; a plurality` of tubular super-heater elements whoseends are adapted to engage said openings; means to keep said ends in engagement with said openings, said` means exerting external pressure on the wall having the openings and the wall opposite it; and means engaging thefl interior of said walls resisting such pressure. I

3. In 'apparatus of the class described, the combination of ,a header having in one of its walls a plurality of openings each formed with a seat; a plurality of tubular superheater elements whose ends have en` larged heads adapted to engage said seats; clamping means bearing on the enlarged heads and on the opposite wall of the header; and means comprising lengths of pipe engaging the interior of said opposite walls resisting the pressure of the clamping means.

4. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a header having" in one of its walls a plurality of spaced, alined openings each formed with a seat; a plurality of tubular superheater elements whose ends have enlarged heads adapted to engage said seats; clamping means bearing on the enlarged heads and on the 'opposite wall; short lengths of pipe placed between said openings and engaging theinterior of the aper tured wall and the wall opposite it; and means to keep said pipe-lengths in their relative positions.

5. Means to` reinforce a header of the class described against external pressure on two of its opposite sides comprising a plurality of pipes of suitable length with their ends shaped to engage the interior of the oppo' site walls, and means holding them relatively fiXed-so they can be inserted or withdrawn as a unit.

BENJAMIN BROIDO. 

